BNB Chain Rebuilds L1 for 1M TPS, Adds Native Privacy

BNB Chain plans to redesign its Layer 1 protocol to support up to 1 million transactions per second and add native privacy and post-quantum protections. The announcement comes as the BNB token has fallen more than 35% year to date to $563, its lowest level since October 2024.

Core developers say the new layer will prioritize extreme throughput, low latency and confidential transactions to support use cases such as high-frequency trading, automated machine-to-machine payments and tokenized asset settlement. The initial design target is above 100,000 transactions per second, with a long-term goal of 1 million TPS. The plan calls for transaction preconfirmations under 50 milliseconds and block finality in under one second. A testnet is scheduled for late 2026 and a mainnet launch is planned for early 2027.

Technical changes include combined optimization of consensus and execution, parallel transaction execution and LtHash-based storage. A mechanism called TxStream would remove the public mempool by routing transactions directly to block leaders, a change intended to reduce opportunities for front-running and transaction reordering. The design also includes PriorityLane, which would reserve block space for time-sensitive operations such as oracle updates, bridge settlements and liquidations during market stress.

The roadmap adds account abstraction features to let developers sponsor gas fees, batch or schedule transactions and support passkey signing. BNB Chain has released middleware including an Agent Studio and a software development kit to link on-chain tooling with large language models and cloud services so developers can deploy autonomous agents with built-in payment rails. Market estimates indicate autonomous agents settled about $73 million across 176 million blockchain transactions between May 2025 and April 2026.

The privacy layer will use confidential transactions and selective disclosure. Zero-knowledge proofs are planned to verify compliance and policy checks without exposing underlying data, enabling institutions and auditors to obtain required proofs while keeping wallet balances, trading routes or other sensitive details private.

Developers are researching post-quantum cryptography using hybrid protections that layer quantum-resistant algorithms on top of current systems. The approach aims to let users and applications adopt quantum-safe measures without changing addresses, with account abstraction features expected to ease the transition for wallets and services.

BNB Chain has reported weaker on-chain activity in recent quarters, with transaction volume down in the first quarter of the year while some rival networks recorded gains. The network presents the new architecture and privacy features as infrastructure for institutional settlement, market making and agent-driven commerce, following the timeline from testnet in late 2026 to mainnet in early 2027.

Technical notes in the plan state that removing public mempools and reserving block space can reduce certain front-running risks and protect time-sensitive operations, while acknowledging that no single design removes all forms of transaction-ordering risk.